{"id":16715,"date":"2022-05-06T10:46:50","date_gmt":"2022-05-06T05:16:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/?p=16715"},"modified":"2025-12-26T13:05:37","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T07:35:37","slug":"12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/","title":{"rendered":"12th OCM 2nd chapter exercise (Functions of Management) Maharashtra Board &#8211; Free Solution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d1ddb38028f\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d1ddb38028f\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#12th_OCM_2nd_chapter_exercise\" >12th OCM 2nd chapter exercise<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Chapter_2_%E2%80%93_Functions_of_Management\" >Chapter 2 &#8211; Functions of Management<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_A_Select_the_correct_option_and_rewrite_the_sentences\" >Q.1 A) Select the correct option and rewrite the sentences.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_B_Match_the_pairs\" >Q.1 B) Match the pairs.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_C_Give_one_wordphraseterm_for_the_following_statements\" >Q.1 C) Give one word\/phrase\/term for the following statements.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_D_State_whether_the_following_statements_are_true_or_false\" >Q.1 D) State whether the following statements are true or false.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_E_Find_the_odd_one\" >Q.1 E) Find the odd one.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_F_Complete_the_sentences\" >Q.1 F) Complete the sentences.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_G_Select_the_correct_option_from_the_bracket\" >Q.1 G) Select the correct option from the bracket.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_H_Answer_in_one_sentence\" >Q.1 H) Answer in one sentence.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_I_Correct_the_underlined_word_and_rewrite_the_following_sentences\" >Q.1 I) Correct the underlined word and rewrite the following sentences.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q1_J_Arrange_in_proper_order\" >Q.1 J) Arrange in proper order.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q2_Explain_the_following_termsconcepts\" >Q.2 Explain the following terms\/concepts.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q3_Study_the_following_casesituation_and_express_your_opinion\" >Q.3 Study the following case\/situation and express your opinion.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q4_Distinguish_between\" >Q.4 Distinguish between.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q5_Answer_in_brief\" >Q.5 Answer in brief.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q6_Justify_the_following_statements\" >Q.6 Justify the following statements.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q7_Attempt_the_following\" >Q.7 Attempt the following.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Q8_Answer_the_following\" >Q.8 Answer the following.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#12th_Commerce_OCM_Textbook_Solutions\" >12th Commerce OCM Textbook Solutions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Check_out_other_posts_related_to_the_12th_Commerce\" >Check out other posts related to the 12th Commerce<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/#Online_lectures_of_Class_12_Commerce\" >Online lectures of Class 12 Commerce<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12th_OCM_2nd_chapter_exercise\"><\/span>12th OCM 2nd chapter exercise<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/12th-OCM-2nd-chapter-exercise-1-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"12th OCM 2nd chapter exercise\nChapter 2 - Functions of Management\" class=\"wp-image-18433 lazyload\" title=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/12th-OCM-2nd-chapter-exercise-1-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/12th-OCM-2nd-chapter-exercise-1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/12th-OCM-2nd-chapter-exercise-1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/12th-OCM-2nd-chapter-exercise-1-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/12th-OCM-2nd-chapter-exercise-1.webp 1920w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/576;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">12th OCM 2nd chapter exercise<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-black-color has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color has-text-color has-background has-medium-font-size\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chapter_2_%E2%80%93_Functions_of_Management\"><\/span><strong>Chapter 2 &#8211; Functions of Management<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_A_Select_the_correct_option_and_rewrite_the_sentences\"><\/span>Q.1 A) Select the correct option and rewrite the sentences.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) The functions of management start with _____ function.<\/strong><br>a) organizing <br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">b) planning <br><\/mark><\/strong>c) coordinating<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) The functions of management end with _____.&nbsp;<br><\/strong>a) directing <br>b) staffing <br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">c) controlling<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) _____ sets out standards for controlling.<br><\/strong>a) Staffing <br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">b) Planning <br><\/mark><\/strong>c) Coordinating<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Organization function is important for execution of the plans which have been prepared by&nbsp;_____ management.<br><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">a) top level <br><\/mark><\/strong>b) middle level <br>c) lower level<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) _____ is the function which supports to activate the plans with the help of employees.<br><\/strong>a) Staffing <br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">b) Directing <br><\/mark><\/strong>c) Co-ordinating<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) _____ is the function of execution according to the plan and the organizational structure.&nbsp;<br><\/strong>a) Controlling <br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">b) Directing <br><\/mark><\/strong>c) Staffing<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) _____ arranges the work in such a way that minimum conflicts are raised.<br><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">a) Co-ordinating <br><\/mark><\/strong>b) Organizing <br>c) Controlling<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_B_Match_the_pairs\"><\/span>Q.1 B) Match the pairs.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Group A<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Group B<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">a) Planning&nbsp;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1) It is the process of instructing, guiding, communicating,&nbsp;and motivating.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">b) Organizing<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2) It is an integration and synchronization of the efforts&nbsp;of group.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">c) Staffing<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3) Deciding in advance what to do, how to do, when to do&nbsp;and who is to do it.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">d) Directing<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4) Management is what a manager does.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">e) Coordinating<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5) To focus on the role of the manager.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6) Decides the ways and means to achieve what has been&nbsp;planned.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7) It is the process of comparing the actual performance&nbsp;with the pre-determined standard performance.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">8) It is a set of principles.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">9) It is the process of recruiting, selecting, placing, and&nbsp;remunerating.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10) To manage is to forecast and plan.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Answers.   <br>a. 3) Deciding in advance what to do, how to do, when to do&nbsp;and who is to do it.<br>b. 6) Decides the ways and means to achieve what has been&nbsp;planned.<br>c. 9) It is the process of recruiting, selecting, placing, and&nbsp;remunerating.<br>d. 1) It is the process of instructing, guiding, communicating,&nbsp;and motivating.<br>e. 2) It is an integration and synchronization of the efforts&nbsp;of group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_C_Give_one_wordphraseterm_for_the_following_statements\"><\/span>Q.1 C) Give one word\/phrase\/term for the following statements.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) The right person at the job with right pay.<br>Answer:<\/strong> Staffing<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) A person who shows the correct path as well as guides employees in solving the problems.<br>Answer:<\/strong> Director<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) First function of management.<\/strong><br><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Planning<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Last function of management.<br>Answer:<\/strong> Controlling<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) It is an intellectual process of logical thinking and rational decision-making.<br>Answer:<\/strong> Planning<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) The term that is used to denote the structure.<br>Answer:<\/strong> Organization<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) It is the process of attracting, recruiting, selecting, placing, appraising, and remunerating the&nbsp;people.<br>Answer:<\/strong> Staffing<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8) The process that leads the employees towards the accomplishment of organizational goals.<br>Answer:<\/strong> Directing<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9) It increases the team spirit of workplace.<br>Answer:<\/strong> Co-ordinating<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10) It is the process of comparing the actual performance with the predetermined standard&nbsp;performance.<br>Answer:<\/strong> Controlling<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Solution of other subjects<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ocm-12th-commerce-solutions\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ocm-12th-commerce-solutions\/\">Solution of all Chapters of OCM<br><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\">1<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\">3<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\">5<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\">6<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_D_State_whether_the_following_statements_are_true_or_false\"><\/span>Q.1 D) State whether the following statements are true or false.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1) Every function of management is not based on planning. <strong>(False)<\/strong><br>2) Specialization in activities leads to an increase in organizational efficiency. <strong>(True)<\/strong><br>3) Qualified, efficient and skilled workforce is always an asset of the organization. <strong>(True)<\/strong><br>4) Cooperation is not necessary for smooth flow of organizational activities. <strong>(False)<\/strong><br>5) Coordination motivates the employees to take initiative while completing their assigned tasks. <strong>(True)<\/strong><br>6) Standards are not set for every performance in controlling function. <strong>(False)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_E_Find_the_odd_one\"><\/span>Q.1 E) Find the odd one.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1) Planning, Organizing, Staffing, <strong>Writing<\/strong>.<br>2) Selecting, Training, <strong>Co-ordinating<\/strong>, Placing<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_F_Complete_the_sentences\"><\/span>Q.1 F) Complete the sentences.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1) The task of getting the things done by others is known as <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Management<\/span><\/strong>.<br>2) The functions of a manager start with Planning.<br>3) The <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Directing<\/span><\/strong> function of management initiates action.<br>4) Recruitments are done under <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Staffing<\/span><\/strong> function.<br>5) <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Planning<\/span><\/strong> is the fundamental function of management.<br>6) <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Co-ordinating<\/strong><\/span> integrates departmental activities for achieving common goal of the organization.&nbsp;<br>7) <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Controlling<\/span><\/strong> is the last function of management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_G_Select_the_correct_option_from_the_bracket\"><\/span>Q.1 G) Select the correct option from the bracket.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1) Planning is a detailed programme of (present\/future\/past) course of action. <strong>(Future)<\/strong><br>2) Directing is the responsibility of (managers\/workers\/people) at all levels. (manager)<br>3) Qualified, efficient and skilled workforce is always a (liabilities\/assets\/expenses) of the&nbsp;organization. <strong>(assets)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_H_Answer_in_one_sentence\"><\/span>Q.1 H) Answer in one sentence.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">1) What is management?<\/mark><br>Answer:<\/strong> The tasks which are taken to achieve organizational goal is called management. Management&nbsp;is a set of principles that relate to the various functions such as planning, organizing, staffing,&nbsp;directing, coordinating, controlling, etc. which are helpful in achieving organizational goals.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">2) What is planning?<\/mark><br>Answer:<\/strong> Planning is an intellectual process of&nbsp;logical thinking and rational decision-making. It focuses on the organization&#8217;s objectives and develops&nbsp;various courses of action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">3) What is staffing?<\/mark><br>Answer:<\/strong> Staffing is&nbsp;the process of attracting, recruiting, selecting, placing, appraising, remunerating, developing, and&nbsp;retaining the best workforce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">4) What is directing?<\/mark><br>Answer:<\/strong> Directing is the soul of management function. It is the process of instructing, guiding, communicating, inspiring, motivating and supervising the employees to achieve predetermined goals of&nbsp;an organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">5) What is controlling?<\/mark><br>Answer:<\/strong> Controlling is a function of comparing the actual performance with the predetermined standard performance. It measures deviation, if any, identifies the causes of deviation, and suggests corrective measures<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_I_Correct_the_underlined_word_and_rewrite_the_following_sentences\"><\/span>Q.1 I) Correct the underlined word and rewrite the following sentences.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1) Factors of business environment are always <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">fixed<\/span><\/strong>.<br><strong>Answer: changing<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2) Staffing is concerned with <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">machines<\/span><\/strong>.<br><strong>Answer:<\/strong> <strong>humans<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3) <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Directing<\/span><\/strong> is a function of comparing the actual performance with the predetermined&nbsp;performance.<br><strong>Answer: Controlling<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4) Co-ordination helps to <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">maximize<\/span><\/strong> the wastage of resources and controls the cost of work.<br><strong>Answer: Minimise<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5<strong>)&nbsp;<\/strong>Controlling measures are <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">rigid<\/span><\/strong> to some extent.<br><strong>Answer: Flexible<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q1_J_Arrange_in_proper_order\"><\/span>Q.1 J) Arrange in proper order.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>1<strong>)&nbsp;<\/strong>Controlling, Organizing, Planning. <br><strong>Answer<\/strong>: Planning, Organizing, Controlling<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2) Directing, Co-ordinating, Staffing.<br><strong>Answer<\/strong>: Staffing, Directing, Co-ordinating<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q2_Explain_the_following_termsconcepts\"><\/span>Q.2 Explain the following terms\/concepts.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">1) Management<br><\/mark>Answer: <\/strong>The tasks which are taken to achieve organizational goal is called management. Management&nbsp;is a set of principles that relate to the various functions such as planning, organizing, staffing,&nbsp;directing, coordinating, controlling, etc. which are helpful in achieving organizational goals.<br>According to Henry Fayol, &#8220;To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command&nbsp;and to control.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>2) Planning<br><\/strong><\/mark><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Planning is the basic function of management. Every function of management is based on&nbsp;planning. It includes deciding the things to be done in advance. Planning is an intellectual process of&nbsp;logical thinking and rational decision-making. It focuses on the organization&#8217;s objectives and develops&nbsp;various courses of action.<br>James Stoner:&nbsp;&#8220;Planning is the process of establishing goals and a suitable course of action&nbsp;for achieving these goals.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">3) Organizing<br><\/mark>Answer:<\/strong> Organizing is the process of identifying, and bringing the required resources together such as men,&nbsp;money, material, machine, and method, grouping and arranging them properly for achieving the&nbsp;objectives. This function is important&nbsp;for the execution of the plans which have been prepared by top-level management people.<br>The synchronization and combination of workforce, physical, financial, and information&nbsp;resources are established in the process of organizing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>4) Staffing<\/strong><br><\/mark><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Staffing is the function of execution according to plan and organizational structure. It is&nbsp;the process of attracting, recruiting, selecting, placing, appraising, remunerating, developing, and&nbsp;retaining the best workforce. Overall growth and success of every venture is based on the appropriateness&nbsp;of staffing function.<br>The function emphasizes managing human and not material or financial resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>5) Directing<\/strong><br><\/mark><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Directing is the soul of the management function. It is the process of instructing, guiding, communicating, inspiring, motivating and supervising the employees to achieve the predetermined goals of&nbsp;an organization. Direction is a continuous function initiated at top level and flows to the lower level&nbsp;through organizational hierarchy. It is a continuous managerial process that goes on throughout the&nbsp;tenure of the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Solution of other subjects<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ocm-12th-commerce-solutions\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ocm-12th-commerce-solutions\/\">Solution of all Chapters of OCM<br><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\">1<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\">3<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\">5<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\">6<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q3_Study_the_following_casesituation_and_express_your_opinion\"><\/span>Q.3 Study the following case\/situation and express your opinion.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">(1) Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur has designed a structure of his business organization by&nbsp;taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce&nbsp;etc, for his new business. He appointed Mr.Shyam as a manager. Mr.Ram has assigned the&nbsp;responsibilities such as recruitment, selection, training and development and determining the&nbsp;remuneration of the employees&#8217; to Mr.Shyam. Mr. Ram has also appointed Mr.Shubham to&nbsp;supervise the work done by the employees according to the standards given to the employees.&nbsp;Mr.Shubham has to also suggest remedies to the employees wherever necessary.<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On this context, find out the management functions performed by<br>i. Mr. Ram <br>ii. Mr.Shyam <br>iii. Mr.Shubham&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: <\/strong><br>1) Mr. Ram performs the function of planning and organizing.<br>2) Mr. Shayam performs the function of staffing because his main duties are to recruitment, selection, training, and development of the employees.<br> 3) Mr. Shubham performs the function of controlling because he compares the actual performance of employees to standard performance. He also suggests remedies to overcome deviations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">(2) In XYZ Company, Mr. Lele gives instructions to the employees working under him, provides guidance, and motivates them for their best performance. On the other hand, Mr.Sayyad takes an effort to harmonize the work done by the employees of different departments while achieving organizational goals. Mr.Desai is looking after the arrangement of required resources for the business organization. <\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Mention the name of the employee engaged in the following functions: <br>i. Organization <br>ii. Direction <br>iii. Coordination<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>1) Mr. Desai is engaged in the organizing function because he is looking after the arrangement of required resources for the business organization.<br>2) Mr. Lele is engaged in the function of directing as he gives instructions to the employees working under him, provides guidance, and motivates them for their best performance.<br>3) Mr. Sayyed is engaged in the function of coordination as he makes an effort to harmonize the work done by the employees of different departments while achieving organizational goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q4_Distinguish_between\"><\/span>Q.4 Distinguish between.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Planning and Organizing<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Planning<\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Organizing<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>Planning&nbsp;is deciding&nbsp;in advance what to do, how to do it,&nbsp;when to do&nbsp;it, and who is&nbsp;to do it.<\/td><td>Organizing&nbsp;is the process&nbsp;of defining&nbsp;and grouping&nbsp;the activities&nbsp;of the&nbsp;enterprise and&nbsp;<br>establishing&nbsp;the authority&nbsp;<br>relationships&nbsp;among them.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) Objective<\/td><td>To set goals and choosing the means to achieve these goals.<\/td><td>To identify and bring together all<br>required resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Area of function<\/td><td>It includes setting objectives by identifying the ways of attaining the goal and selecting the best plan.<\/td><td>It includes identification and grouping of activities, assigning the work and establishing the authority relationship.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Factors<\/td><td>Internal and external factors are<br>considered in the planning process.<\/td><td>Internal and external factors are<br>considered in the arrangement of resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Resources<\/td><td>Planning is&nbsp;done as per the&nbsp; requirement&nbsp;and&nbsp; availability of&nbsp;<br>resources.<\/td><td>All available&nbsp;resources i.e.&nbsp;men, money,&nbsp;material,&nbsp;machine and&nbsp;<br>method are&nbsp;arranged in&nbsp;a systematic&nbsp;manner.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Level of management<\/td><td>Top&nbsp;management is&nbsp;concerned with&nbsp;planning the&nbsp;activities.<\/td><td>Top and&nbsp;middle level&nbsp;management&nbsp;<br>is related with&nbsp;organizing&nbsp;the required&nbsp;resources.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Organizing and Staffing<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Organizing<\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Staffing<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>Organizing&nbsp;is the process&nbsp;of defining&nbsp;and grouping&nbsp;the activities&nbsp;of the&nbsp;enterprise and&nbsp;<br>establishing&nbsp;the authority&nbsp;<br>relationships&nbsp;among them.<\/td><td>The staffing&nbsp;function&nbsp;pertains&nbsp;to the&nbsp;recruitment,&nbsp;selection,&nbsp;development,&nbsp;training, and&nbsp;compensation of&nbsp;subordinate<br>managers.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) Objective<\/td><td>To identify and bring together all<br>required resources.<\/td><td>To appoint&nbsp;right type of&nbsp;people at the&nbsp;right positions and the&nbsp;right time.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Area of function<\/td><td>It includes identification and grouping of activities, assigning the work, and establishing the authority relationship.<\/td><td>It includes&nbsp;recruitment,&nbsp;selection,&nbsp;training,&nbsp;development,&nbsp;and compensation&nbsp;of human&nbsp;resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Factors<\/td><td>Internal and external factors are<br>considered in arrangement of resources.<\/td><td>Staffing&nbsp;is mostly&nbsp;concerned&nbsp;with internal factors.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Resources<\/td><td>All available&nbsp;resources i.e.&nbsp;men, money,&nbsp;material,&nbsp;machine and&nbsp;<br>method are&nbsp;arranged in&nbsp;a systematic&nbsp;manner.<\/td><td>It is the&nbsp;process&nbsp;relating to&nbsp;organization&nbsp;of human&nbsp;resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Level of management<\/td><td>Top and&nbsp;middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;<br>is related to&nbsp;organizing&nbsp;the required&nbsp;resources.<\/td><td>Middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;is related&nbsp;to&nbsp;recruitment,&nbsp;training and&nbsp;selection&nbsp;Top level is&nbsp;concerned&nbsp;with&nbsp;promotion&nbsp;and&nbsp;compensation.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Staffing and Directing<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Staffing<\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Directing<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>The staffing&nbsp;function&nbsp;pertains&nbsp;to the&nbsp;recruitment,&nbsp;selection,&nbsp;development,&nbsp;training, and&nbsp;compensation of&nbsp;subordinate<br>managers.<\/td><td>Directing is&nbsp;the guidance inspiration,&nbsp;the leadership&nbsp;of those men&nbsp;and women&nbsp;constitutes&nbsp;the real case&nbsp;responsibilities&nbsp;of&nbsp;<br>management.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) Objective<\/td><td>To appoint&nbsp;right type of&nbsp;people at the&nbsp;right positions and the&nbsp;right time.&nbsp;<\/td><td>To direct the&nbsp;subordinates to&nbsp;get things&nbsp;done in the right&nbsp;manner.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Area of function<\/td><td>It includes&nbsp;recruitment,&nbsp;selection,&nbsp;training,&nbsp;development,&nbsp;and compensation&nbsp;of human&nbsp;resources.<\/td><td>It includes&nbsp;instructing, guiding,<br>inspiring, communicating&nbsp;and<br>motivating the human resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Factors<\/td><td>Staffing&nbsp;is mostly&nbsp;concerned&nbsp;with internal factors.<\/td><td>Directing&nbsp;is concerned&nbsp;directly with&nbsp;internal factors&nbsp;i.e. human&nbsp;<br>resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Resources<\/td><td>It is the&nbsp;process&nbsp;relating to&nbsp;organization&nbsp;of human&nbsp;resources.<\/td><td>It gives direction&nbsp;to the employees&nbsp;<br>regarding use of&nbsp;other resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Level of management<\/td><td>Middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;is related&nbsp;with&nbsp;recruitment,&nbsp;training and&nbsp;selection&nbsp;Top level is&nbsp;concerned&nbsp;with&nbsp;promotion&nbsp;and&nbsp;<br>compensation.<\/td><td>Middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;is involved in&nbsp;directing the&nbsp;employees.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>4.&nbsp;<\/strong>Directing and Controlling<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Directing<\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Controlling<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>Directing is&nbsp;the guidance&nbsp;inspiration,&nbsp;the leadership&nbsp;of those men&nbsp;and women&nbsp;constitutes&nbsp;the real case&nbsp;responsibilities&nbsp;of&nbsp;<br>management.<\/td><td>Controlling is the&nbsp;process of taking&nbsp;steps to bring&nbsp;actual results and&nbsp;desired results&nbsp;closer together.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) Objective<\/td><td>To direct the&nbsp;subordinates to&nbsp;get things&nbsp;done in the right&nbsp;manner.<\/td><td>To ensure that&nbsp;the objectives&nbsp;are achieved&nbsp;according to&nbsp;the plan.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Area of function<\/td><td>It includes&nbsp;instructing, guiding,<br>inspiring, communicating&nbsp;and<br>motivating the human resources.<\/td><td>It includes&nbsp;setting up of&nbsp;standards,&nbsp;<br>measurement,&nbsp;and&nbsp;comparison&nbsp;with actual&nbsp;performance&nbsp;and taking&nbsp;corrective&nbsp;steps&nbsp;whenever&nbsp;<br>necessary.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Factors<\/td><td>Directing&nbsp;is concerned&nbsp;directly with&nbsp;internal factors&nbsp;i.e. human&nbsp;<br>resources.<\/td><td>Internal and&nbsp;external&nbsp;factors are&nbsp;taken into&nbsp;account&nbsp;for taking&nbsp;corrective&nbsp;action.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Resources<\/td><td>It gives direction&nbsp;to the employees&nbsp;<br>regarding use of&nbsp;other resources.<\/td><td>It is related&nbsp;to all&nbsp;organizational&nbsp;resources&nbsp;which help&nbsp;to achieve&nbsp;goal of&nbsp;organization.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Level of management<\/td><td>Middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;is involved in&nbsp;directing the employees.<\/td><td>Top and&nbsp;middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;are&nbsp;responsible&nbsp;for controlling&nbsp;the activities.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5. Co-ordinating and Controlling<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong><strong>Co-ordinating<\/strong><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Controlling<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>Coordination&nbsp;is an orderly&nbsp;arrangement&nbsp;of group&nbsp;efforts to&nbsp;provide unity&nbsp;of action in&nbsp;the pursuit of&nbsp;a common goal.<\/td><td>Controlling is the&nbsp;process of taking&nbsp;steps to bring&nbsp;actual results and&nbsp;desired results&nbsp;closer together.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) Objective<\/td><td>To ensure harmony of efforts of the employees for smooth<br>functioning of organization.<\/td><td>To ensure that&nbsp;the objectives&nbsp;are achieved&nbsp;according to&nbsp;the plan.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Area of function<\/td><td>It includes integration of efforts of top level, middle level and lower level.<\/td><td>It includes&nbsp;setting up of&nbsp;standards,&nbsp;<br>measurements,&nbsp;and&nbsp;comparisons&nbsp;with actual&nbsp;performance&nbsp;and taking&nbsp;corrective&nbsp;steps&nbsp;whenever&nbsp;<br>necessary.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Factors<\/td><td>It is&nbsp;the harmonization&nbsp;of human&nbsp;<br>resources, so&nbsp;it is concerned&nbsp;<br>with internal&nbsp;factors.<\/td><td>Internal and&nbsp;external&nbsp;factors are&nbsp;taken into&nbsp;account&nbsp;for taking&nbsp;corrective&nbsp;action.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Resources<\/td><td>It is related&nbsp;to human&nbsp;resources.<\/td><td>It is related&nbsp;to all&nbsp;organizational&nbsp;resources&nbsp;which help&nbsp;to achieve&nbsp;goal of&nbsp;organization.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Level of management<\/td><td>It is related&nbsp;to all the&nbsp;levels of&nbsp;<br>management&nbsp;to achieve&nbsp;the goal of&nbsp;an organization.<\/td><td>Top and&nbsp;middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;are&nbsp;responsible&nbsp;for controlling&nbsp;the activities.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6. Planning and Controlling<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong><strong>Planning<\/strong><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Controlling<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>Planning&nbsp;is deciding&nbsp;in advance what to do, how to do it,&nbsp;when to do&nbsp;it, and who is&nbsp;to do it.<\/td><td>Controlling is the&nbsp;process of taking&nbsp;steps to bring&nbsp;actual results and&nbsp;desired results&nbsp;closer together.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) Objective<\/td><td>To set goals and choosing the means to achieve these goals.<\/td><td>To ensure that&nbsp;the objectives&nbsp;are achieved&nbsp;according to&nbsp;the plan.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Area of function<\/td><td>It includes setting objectives by identifying the ways of attaining the goal and selecting the best plan.<\/td><td>It includes&nbsp;setting up of&nbsp;standards,&nbsp;<br>measurements,&nbsp;and&nbsp;comparisons&nbsp;with actual&nbsp;performance&nbsp;and taking&nbsp;corrective&nbsp;steps&nbsp;whenever&nbsp;<br>necessary.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Factors<\/td><td>Internal and external factors are<br>considered in the planning process.<\/td><td>Internal and&nbsp;external&nbsp;factors are&nbsp;taken into&nbsp;account&nbsp;for taking&nbsp;corrective&nbsp;action.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Resources<\/td><td>Planning is&nbsp;done as per the&nbsp; requirement&nbsp;and&nbsp; availability of&nbsp;<br>resources.<\/td><td>It is related&nbsp;to all&nbsp;organizational&nbsp;resources&nbsp;which help&nbsp;to achieve&nbsp;goal of&nbsp;organization.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Level of management<\/td><td>Top&nbsp;management is&nbsp;concerned with&nbsp;planning the&nbsp;activities.<\/td><td>Top and&nbsp;middle level&nbsp;management&nbsp;are&nbsp;responsible&nbsp;for controlling&nbsp;the activities.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7. Organising and&nbsp;Directing<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Organizing<\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Directing<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>Organizing&nbsp;is the process&nbsp;of defining&nbsp;and grouping&nbsp;the activities&nbsp;of the&nbsp;enterprise and&nbsp;<br>establishing&nbsp;the authority&nbsp;<br>relationships&nbsp;among them.<\/td><td>Directing is&nbsp;the guidance&nbsp;inspiration,&nbsp;the leadership&nbsp;of those men&nbsp;and women&nbsp;constitutes&nbsp;the real case&nbsp;responsibilities&nbsp;of&nbsp;<br>management.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) Objective<\/td><td>To identify and bring together all<br>required resources.<\/td><td>To direct the&nbsp;subordinates to&nbsp;get things&nbsp;done in the right&nbsp;manner.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Area of function<\/td><td>It includes identification and grouping of activities, assigning the work and establishing the authority relationship.<\/td><td>It includes&nbsp;instructing, guiding,<br>inspiring, communicating&nbsp;and<br>motivating the human resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Factors<\/td><td>Internal and external factors are<br>considered in arrangement of resources.<\/td><td>Directing&nbsp;is concerned&nbsp;directly with&nbsp;internal factors&nbsp;i.e. human&nbsp;<br>resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Resources<\/td><td>All available&nbsp;resources i.e.&nbsp;men, money,&nbsp;material,&nbsp;machine and&nbsp;<br>method is&nbsp;arranged in&nbsp;a systematic&nbsp;manner.<\/td><td>It gives direction&nbsp;to the employees&nbsp;<br>regarding use of&nbsp;other resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Level of management<\/td><td>Top and&nbsp;middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;<br>is related with&nbsp;organizing&nbsp;the required&nbsp;resources.<\/td><td>Middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;is involved in&nbsp;directing the&nbsp;employees.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8. Organising and Co-ordinating<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Organizing<\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Co-ordinating<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>Organizing&nbsp;is the process&nbsp;of defining&nbsp;and grouping&nbsp;the activities&nbsp;of the&nbsp;enterprise and&nbsp;<br>establishing&nbsp;the authority&nbsp;<br>relationships&nbsp;among them.<\/td><td>Coordination&nbsp;is orderly&nbsp;arrangement&nbsp;of group&nbsp;efforts to&nbsp;provide unity&nbsp;of action in&nbsp;the pursuit of&nbsp;common goal.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) Objective<\/td><td>To identify and bring together all<br>required resources.<\/td><td>To ensure harmony of efforts of the employees for smooth<br>functioning of organization.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Area of function<\/td><td>It includes identification and grouping of activities, assigning the work and establishing the authority relationship.<\/td><td>It includes integration of efforts of top level, middle level and lower level.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Factors<\/td><td>Internal and external factors are<br>considered in the arrangement of resources.<\/td><td>It is&nbsp;the harmonization&nbsp;of human&nbsp;<br>resources, so&nbsp;it is concerned&nbsp;<br>with internal&nbsp;factors.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Resources<\/td><td>All available&nbsp;resources i.e.&nbsp;men, money,&nbsp;material,&nbsp;machine and&nbsp;<br>method are&nbsp;arranged in&nbsp;a systematic&nbsp;manner.<\/td><td>It is related&nbsp;to human&nbsp;resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Level of management<\/td><td>Top and&nbsp;middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;<br>is related to&nbsp;organizing&nbsp;the required&nbsp;resources.<\/td><td>It is related&nbsp;to all the&nbsp;levels of&nbsp;<br>management&nbsp;to achieve&nbsp;the goal of&nbsp;the organization.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Solution of other subjects<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ocm-12th-commerce-solutions\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ocm-12th-commerce-solutions\/\">Solution of all Chapters of OCM<br><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\">1<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\">3<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\">5<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\">6<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q5_Answer_in_brief\"><\/span>Q.5 Answer in brief.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>1) Explain any five points of importance of planning.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (1)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>2) Explain any five points of importance of organizing.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (2)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>3) Describe any five points of importance of staffing.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (3)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>4) Explain any five points of importance of directing.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (4)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">5) <strong>Des any five points of importance of coordinating.<\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (5)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q6_Justify_the_following_statements\"><\/span>Q.6 Justify the following statements.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>1) Planning is the first function of management.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> <br>a) Planning is the basic and first function of management. <br>b) Every function of management is based on&nbsp;planning. <br>c) It includes deciding the things to be done in advance. Planning is an intellectual process of&nbsp;logical thinking and rational decision-making. <br>d) Designing proper planning and implementing accordingly is the key for&nbsp;achieving the objectives of an organization.<br>e) Unless the plan is ready, other management functions such as organizing, staffing, etc. cannot&nbsp;be undertaken. thus, planning is the first function of management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">2) Controlling is the last function of management.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: <\/strong><br>a) Controlling is a function of comparing the actual performance with the predetermined standard performance. b) It measures deviation, if any, identifies the causes of deviation, and suggests corrective measures. <br>c) The process of controlling help in the formulation of future plans also.<br>d) The effectiveness of the planning function can&nbsp;be determined with the function of controlling.<br>e) The function of management ends with controlling. <br>Thus, Controlling is the last function of management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">3) Organizing facilitates the administration as well as operation of the organization.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> <br>a) Organizing process leads to identifying and too group the activities. <br>b) Grouping and assigning the&nbsp;activities is the task of administration whereas processing according to it is operational activity. <br>c) Due to&nbsp;a proper grouping of the tasks and the employees, there is an increase in production and a reduction&nbsp;in wastage. <br>d) Duplication of work is restricted and effective delegation becomes possible.<br>e) Thus, organizing facilitates administration as well as operation of the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">4) Right person at right job with right pay is the basic principle of staffing.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>a) The need of staffing arises since the initial period of organization. <br>b) Due to promotion, transfer,&nbsp;business expansion, retirement, resignation, accidents, death of employee, etc. vacancies are created&nbsp;in organization. <br>c) In this context, staffing function plays very important role in an organization. <br>d) Thus, Right&nbsp;person at right job with right pay is the basic principle of staffing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">5) Co-ordination between different functions and all levels of management is the essence of organizational success.&nbsp;<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>a) Co-ordination between different functions and all levels of employee is the essence of&nbsp;organization success. <br>b) It is an integration of different activities\u00b7 which is essential for their smooth&nbsp;flow. <br>c) It establishes harmony among all the activities of an organization in achieving desired goal. <br>d) In&nbsp;an organization, a number of persons are working together to achieve a common goal. Their work&nbsp;is closely linked with each other. <br>e) Therefore, it becomes necessary to bring together the group efforts&nbsp;and harmonize them carefully.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q7_Attempt_the_following\"><\/span>Q.7 Attempt the following.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>1) Explain the importance of planning.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (1)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">2) Describe the importance of organizing.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (2)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">3) Explain the importance of staffing.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (3)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">4) Explain the importance of directing.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (4)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">5) Describe the importance of coordinating.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (5)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">6) Explain the importance of controlling.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Refer to question number <strong>8 (6)<\/strong> &#8211; Write any 5 to 6 points with an explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Solution of other subjects<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ocm-12th-commerce-solutions\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ocm-12th-commerce-solutions\/\">Solution of all Chapters of OCM<br><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\">1<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\">3<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\">5<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\">6<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q8_Answer_the_following\"><\/span>Q.8 Answer the following.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>1) Define the term planning and explain the importance of planning.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>Planning is the basic function of management. Every function of management is based on&nbsp;planning. It includes deciding the things to be done in advance. Planning is an intellectual process of&nbsp;logical thinking and rational decision-making. It focuses on the organization&#8217;s objectives and develops&nbsp;various courses of action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>James Stoner:&nbsp;&#8220;Planning is the process of establishing goals and a suitable course of action&nbsp;for achieving these goals.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>Importance of Planning:<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Helps to set clear objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Planning is concerned with setting objectives, and targets, and formulating plans to achieve them.&nbsp;It helps managers to analyze the present condition of the organization and on that basis to&nbsp;identify the ways of attaining the desired position in the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Provides a path of action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Planning ensures that the goals or objectives are clearly stated. They act as a guide and they&nbsp;provide direction for doing the right things at the right time with right way. It helps employees&nbsp;to know what organization has to do and what they must do for achieving the goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Planning improves performance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It helps managers to improve future performances of employees by establishing objectives and&nbsp;selecting a course of action. Planning leads to the efficient&nbsp;working of the employees. Due to proper planning, the employees can work according to&nbsp;timely guidelines. This improvement in performance results into higher profitability of the&nbsp;organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Minimizes the risk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Planning is based on the forecasting technique. It is the process of looking into the future and&nbsp;anticipating future changes. By deciding in advance the tasks to be performed, planning&nbsp;shows the way to deal with changes and uncertain events. Changes or risks cannot be eliminated&nbsp;totally but they can be anticipated and can be tackled with preventive measures. It minimizes&nbsp;the risk of future or uncertainties of future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Planning leads to optimum utilization of resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Organizational plans are prepared by taking into consideration the availability of resources&nbsp;and proper allocation of resources for various activities. It also facilitates optimum utilization&nbsp;of resources which brings higher efficiency and better results. One can avoid wastage of&nbsp;resources by proper planning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Helps in decision making<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are various alternatives in front of the management. For achieving goals planning&nbsp;helps the management to select the best alternative by considering all positive and negative&nbsp;outcomes of all the alternatives. Decisions are taken after selecting alternative courses of&nbsp;action to achieve a predefined goal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) Useful in setting the standards for controlling<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Planning set out standards for controlling. So, the actual performance can be compared with&nbsp;the standards and managers can find out the deviation, if any between the actual and the&nbsp;standard performance. Such deviation can be bridged by taking controlling steps. Therefore,&nbsp;planning provides basis for control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8) Facilitates Coordination of all activities<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Planning facilitates the coordination of activities. It reduces overlapping among activities.&nbsp;All activities of a business organizations are closely linked with each other which is considered&nbsp;in the process of planning. Sound planning inter-relates all the activities and resources of an&nbsp;organization. Thus, various departments work as per the overall plan and coordination is&nbsp;achieved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9) Facilitates other management functions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Every organization functions towards achieving goal and a goal is set at the planning stage.&nbsp;Unless the plan is ready, other management functions such as organizing, staffing etc. cannot&nbsp;be undertaken thus, planning facilitates all other functions of management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10) Promotes innovative ideas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Planning is the basic function of management. It is a process of decision-making that&nbsp;involves the promotion of innovative ideas after critical thinking. Ultimately, these innovative&nbsp;plans result into the attainment of the goals of the organization. It is the most challenging activity&nbsp;for the management as it guides all future actions leading to growth and prosperity of the&nbsp;organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>2) What is organizing? Explain the importance of organizing.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>Organizing is the process of identifying, bringing the required resources together such as men,&nbsp;money, material, machine, and method, grouping and arranging them properly for achieving the&nbsp;objectives. This function is important&nbsp;for execution of the plans which have been prepared by top-level management people.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mooney and Railey:&nbsp;&#8220;Organization is the form of every human association for the attainment&nbsp;of a common purpose.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Importance of Organizing:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Facilitates Administration as well as Operation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The organizing process leads to identify and to group the activities. Grouping and assigning the&nbsp;activities is the task of administration whereas processing according to it is operational activity.&nbsp;Thus, organizing facilitates administration as well as operation of the organization. Due to&nbsp;proper grouping of the tasks and the employees, there is increase in production and a reduction&nbsp;in wastage. Duplication of work is restricted and effective delegation becomes possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Brings Specialization<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Organizational structure is a network of relationships in which the work is divided into units&nbsp;and departments. This division of work helps in bringing specialization in various activities of&nbsp;an organization. Specialization in activities leads to an increase in organizational efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Defines the Jobs Properly<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Organizational structure helps in putting right men on right job which can be done by selecting&nbsp;people for various departments according to their qualifications, skill, and experience. This is&nbsp;helping in defining the jobs properly which clarifies the role of every person.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Clarifies Authority and Responsibility<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An organizational structure defines the role to every manager. This can be done by delegating&nbsp;the authority to every manager and clarifying the way he has to exercise those powers. So that&nbsp;misuse of powers does not take place. Well-defined jobs and responsibilities help in bringing&nbsp;efficiency into manager&#8217;s work. This helps in increasing productivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Establishes Coordination<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This function helps in establishing coordination among different departments of an organization.&nbsp;It creates clear-cut relationships among positions and ensures mutual co-operation among&nbsp;individuals. Coordination or synchronization between all departments and different levels of&nbsp;managers is important for the smooth functioning of organizational activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Helps for Effective Administration<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This function determines different positions, departments, activities, and the roles are clearly&nbsp;structured. The utmost care is taken while placing right person in the right job with right authorities&nbsp;and responsibilities. It is achieved through division of work and delegation of authorities. This&nbsp;all leads to efficient and effective administration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) Helpful for Growth and Diversification<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The growth of every organization depends on its smooth and efficient functioning. Clearly&nbsp;defined roles and responsibilities, coordination among all levels of management personnel,&nbsp;and use of appropriate control techniques bring efficiency at workplace, and the organization&nbsp;grows well. This is possible only when the organization structure is well-defined<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8) Creates Sense of Security<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Organizational structure clarifies the job positions. It clearly states the duties and responsibilities&nbsp;of everyone. Everyone can work accordingly. The clarity in jobs and powers helps in increasing&nbsp;mental satisfaction and it creates a sense of security among the employees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9) Scope for Innovation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The organizing function clears the roles and activities to be performed. Employees can work by&nbsp;using their new ideas. This provides enough space to the manager to develop talent and flourish&nbsp;the knowledge. This scope for innovation into adopting new changes in methods of work is&nbsp;possible only through a set of organizational structures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10) Helps in Optimum Utilization of Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This function provides different jobs to different employees according to the job specification.&nbsp;Due to this, specialization of work becomes possible. This right workforce utilizes other&nbsp;resources at its optimum level so that desired results are achieved within a defined period.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>3) What do you mean by staffing? Describe the importance of staffing.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>Staffing is the function of execution according to plan and organizational structure. It is&nbsp;the process of attracting, recruiting, selecting, placing, appraising, remunerating, developing, and&nbsp;retaining the best workforce. Overall growth and success of every venture is based on the appropriateness&nbsp;of staffing function.&nbsp;The function emphasizes managing human and not material or financial resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo Haimann:&nbsp;&#8220;The staffing function pertains to the recruitment, selection, development,&nbsp;training, and compensation of subordinate managers.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Importance of Staffing:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Effective Managerial Function<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Staffing is the key to the effective performance of other functions of management such as planning,&nbsp;organizing, directing, and controlling. A competent workforce can work effectively in different&nbsp;functional areas like production, sales, finance, etc. The outcome of other functions is based on&nbsp;the effectiveness of staffing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Leads to Effective Utilization of Human Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Staffing function leads to effective utilization of human resources i.e. workforce. Proper care&nbsp;is taken at every stage such as recruitment, selection, placement, remuneration, training,&nbsp;development, etc. Excessive burden of work is avoided. Optimum utilization of human resources&nbsp;results in an improvement in performance and progress of the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Builds Cordial Relationship<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This function is helpful in building healthy relationships among all levels of employees in the&nbsp;organization. A smooth human relation is a key to better communication and coordination&nbsp;of managerial efforts in an organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Helps Human Resource Development<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The skilled and experienced employee is an asset of a business organization. Staffing helps to&nbsp;inculcate the organizational culture into employees. It trains and develops the existing&nbsp;workforce. It also ensures smooth functioning of all the managerial aspects of the business&nbsp;organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Helps in Effective use of Technology and Other Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trained employees can use the latest technology, capital, material and methods of work&nbsp;effectively. It helps in building competitive strength of the organization. It is also helpful in&nbsp;improving standard of work and productivity in terms of quality and quantity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Improves Efficiency<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Training and development programmes are offered to the employees for self-development and&nbsp;organizational development. Through proper selection, the organization gets quality employees and through proper training the performance level of the employees can be improved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) Long-Term Effect<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A qualified, efficient, and skillful workforce is always an asset of the organization. Proper&nbsp;selection of employees leads the organization towards the path of success. Naturally, long-term positive effects can be observed on the efficiency of an organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8) Essential Contribution<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Staffing ensures the continuity and growth of the organization through the development of&nbsp;employees. Selection is based on the ability of the prospective employees. So that organizations&nbsp;can meet future challenges wisely. Therefore, the contribution of the staff in their future&nbsp;roles is taken into account in staffing function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9) Provides Job Satisfaction<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Employees can be motivated through financial and non-financial incentives. Adequate&nbsp;remuneration increases job satisfaction and morale of the employees. Training and development&nbsp;programmes, fair remuneration, and job security are the factors that are important in providing&nbsp;job satisfaction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10) Maintains Harmony<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the staffing process, individuals are recruited, selected, and placed as well as their performance&nbsp;is regularly appraised and promotions are given on the basis of merit. For this, criteria is made&nbsp;and duly communicated to concerned employees. It brings peace and harmony in organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>4) Give the definition of directing and explain the importance of directing.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>Directing is the soul of management function. It is the process of instructing, guiding, communicating, inspiring, motivating and supervising the employees to achieve predetermined goals of&nbsp;an organization. Direction is a continuous function initiated at top level and flows to the lower level&nbsp;through organizational hierarchy. It is a continuous managerial process that goes on throughout the&nbsp;tenure of the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo Haimann:&nbsp;&#8220;Direction consists of the process and techniques utilizing in issuing&nbsp;instructions and making certain that operations are carried out as planned.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Importance of Directing:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Initiates Action<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Direction is the function that supports activating the plans with the help of employees.&nbsp;Every action is initiated through a timely direction. Proper instructions are given to subordinates&nbsp;while completing their assigned task. The managers direct the subordinates about what to do,&nbsp;how to do, when to do and also to see that their instructions are properly followed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Integrates Efforts<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Communication is one of the elements of direction. It helps in integrating the efforts of all the&nbsp;employees and departments which results in achievement of organizational goals. Integration&nbsp;of efforts is possible through persuasive leadership and effective communication towards the&nbsp;accomplishment of organizational goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Means of Motivation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While directing the subordinates, their opinions are also considered. A manager identifies the&nbsp;potential and abilities of its subordinates and helps them to give their best. He also motivates&nbsp;them by offering them financial and non-financial incentives to improve their performance. It&nbsp;boosts the morale of subordinates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Provides Stability<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stability plays a significant role in the growth and survival of the organization. Effective leadership,&nbsp;communication, supervision, and motivation develop cooperation and commitment among the&nbsp;employees. It provides stability and creates balance among various departments and groups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Coping up with the Changes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Factors of business environment are always changing. Adapting to environmental&nbsp;changes is necessary for the growth of the organization. With the help of motivation, proper&nbsp;communication, and leadership, the employees can clearly understand the nature of change&nbsp;and also the positive outcome of adapting to the change. For example, e-filing, use of Robots&nbsp;at workplace etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Effective Utilization of Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Direction involves assigning duties and responsibilities to everyone. Proper instructions and&nbsp;systems are developed to avoid wastage, duplication of efforts, etc. Subordinates are guided&nbsp;to utilize the resources i.e. men, machines, materials, and money in the maximum possible way.&nbsp;It helps in reducing costs and increasing profits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) Creates Team Spirit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Direction focuses on motivating the subordinates for group efforts. Group efforts or team spirit&nbsp;plays a vital role in the success of an organization than individual efforts. Therefore, the role of&nbsp;the manager as a director plays a very important role in guiding and motivating the employees to&nbsp;achieve the predetermined goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8) Explores Capabilities of Individuals<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Every individual has various capabilities or potentials in addition to their formal qualifications.&nbsp;Direction helps to identify and utilize their abilities for best performance by encouraging and&nbsp;motivating them just like a leader.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9) Increases Efficiency Level<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Guidance and motivation are given to subordinates to perform at their best level. Being a leader,&nbsp;team spirit is created by the manager as well as proper techniques of supervision are used. It&nbsp;works positively and results in enhancing the efficiency level of the whole organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10) Co-operation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co-operation is necessary for smooth flow of organizational activities. It should be created by&nbsp;manager i.e. director from top level to the bottom level of management. Healthy cooperation,&nbsp;teamwork, and higher efficiency level lead to the attainment of goals. Thus, Directing to subordinates is a basic management function that includes building an&nbsp;effective work climate through motivation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>5) What is coordinating? Describe the importance of coordinating.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>Coordination between different functions and all levels of employees is the essence of&nbsp;organization success. It is an integration of different activities\u00b7 which is essential for their smooth&nbsp;flow. It establishes harmony among all the activities of an organization in achieving desired goal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Henry Fayol:&nbsp;&#8220;To co-ordinate is to harmonize all the activities of a concern to facilitate its&nbsp;working and its success.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Importance of Co-ordinating<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Encourages Team Spirit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In organizations, groups of individuals work together. There may be existence of conflicts,&nbsp;disputes between individuals, departments, and employers, and employees regarding&nbsp;organizational policies, roles, and responsibilities, etc. Coordination arranges the work in such&nbsp;a way that minimum conflicts are raised. It increases the team spirit at the workplace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Gives Proper Direction<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Coordination integrates departmental activities for achieving common goal of the organization.&nbsp;The work is arranged in a very systematic way. The interdependence of departments gives&nbsp;proper direction to the employees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Facilitates Motivation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Coordination motivates the employees to take initiative while completing their assigned tasks.&nbsp;Effective coordination increases efficiency and results in the growth and prosperity of the&nbsp;organization. A prosperous organization ensures job security, higher income, promotion, and&nbsp;incentives. Such monetary and non-monetary incentives provide job security and motivate the&nbsp;employees for hard work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Optimum Utilization of Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Managers try to integrate all the resources systematically. It helps in utilizing all available&nbsp;resources at its optimum level. Co-ordination also helps to minimize the wastage of resources&nbsp;and control the cost of work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Achieve Organizational Objectives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co-ordination leads to minimizing the wastages of materials, idle time of employees, delay in&nbsp;completion of targets, departmental disputes, etc. to a great extent. It ensures smooth working&nbsp;of the organization in the process of achieving the objectives of the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Improves Relation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co-ordination develops cordial relations between all the levels of management of an&nbsp;organization. Every department depends on the functioning of another department. For example,&nbsp;sales department works according to production department, Production department depends&nbsp;on the Purchase department and so on. Coordination helps the employees to build strong relations&nbsp;among themselves and achieve the given targets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) Leads to Higher Efficiency<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the help of optimum utilization of resources and effective integration of resources, the&nbsp;organization can achieve high returns in terms of high productivity, high profitability as well&nbsp;as can reduce cost. Thus, coordination leads to higher efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8) Improves Goodwill<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Higher sales and higher profitability can be achieved due to synchronized efforts of&nbsp;organizational people, strong human relations, and lower costs. It directly results into creating&nbsp;goodwill for organizations in the market. It reflects on market value of shares as well as helps&nbsp;in building good image in society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9) Unity of Direction<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Different activities are performed by different departments. Coordination harmonizes these&nbsp;activities for achieving common goal of organization. Thus, coordination gives proper direction to all departments of the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10) Specialization<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All departments of the organization are headed by experts in their respective fields. The&nbsp;specialized knowledge of these departmental heads helps in managerial decisions. It leads&nbsp;organizations to march towards growth and success in the competitive world of business.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>6) Define the term controlling and explain the importance of controlling.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>Controlling is a function of comparing the actual performance with the predetermined standard performance. It measures deviation, if any, identifies the causes of deviation and suggests corrective measures. The process of controlling help in the formulation of future plans also.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Philip Kotler:&nbsp;&#8220;Control is the process of taking steps to bring actual results and desired results closer together.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Importance of Controlling<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Fulfilling Goals of the Organization<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Controlling is the function of measuring the performances at every possible stage, finding out&nbsp;the deviations, if any; and taking corrective actions according to planned activities for the&nbsp;organization. Thus, it helps in fulfilling the organizational goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Making Efficient Utilization of Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Various techniques are used by managers to reduce wastage of material and spoilage of other&nbsp;resources. Standards are set for every performance. Employees have to follow these standards. As an effect of this, the resources are used by employees in the most efficient and effective&nbsp;manner so as to achieve organizational objectives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Accuracy of Standards<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An efficient control system helps management in judging the accuracy of standards whether&nbsp;they are accurate or not. Controlling measures are flexible to some extent. So after reviewing&nbsp;them according to changing circumstances, they are revised from time to time which is beneficial for checking performances accurately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Motivates Employee<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After setting standards of checking performance, they are communicated to employees in&nbsp;advance. Due to this, employees get an idea about what to do and how to do. Performances&nbsp;are evaluated and on that basis, employees are rewarded in the form of increments, bonuses,&nbsp;promotions, etc. It motivates the employees to perform at their best level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Ensures Order and Discipline<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Controlling is the function of order and maintaining discipline. It works for reducing&nbsp;the unprofessional behavior of the employees. Discipline is maintained by continuous checking of&nbsp;performances by the superiors and preventive actions are taken to minimize the gap between&nbsp;actual and standards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Facilitates Co-ordination<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Control is a function in which the roles and responsibilities of all departmental managers&nbsp;and subordinates are designed clearly. Coordination between them helps to find out the&nbsp;deviations in their respective departments and to use remedial measures for desired results of&nbsp;the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) Psychological Pressure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The performances are&nbsp;evaluated with the standard targets. The employees are very well aware&nbsp;that their performance will be evaluated and they will be rewarded accordingly. This psychological&nbsp;pressure works as a motivational factor for employees to give their best performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>8) Ensures Organizational Efficiency and Effectiveness<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Factors of control include making managers responsible, motivating them for higher&nbsp;performance, and achieving departmental coordination. It ensures organizational&nbsp;efficiency and effectiveness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>9) Builds Good Corporate Image<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The controlling function helps to improve the overall performance of the organization. Minimum&nbsp;deviation in predetermined standards and actual performance results in the progress of&nbsp;business. It can be achieved with the help of proper control. This builds a good corporate image&nbsp;and brings goodwill to the business.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10) Acts as a Guide<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The controlling function provides a set of standard performances. Managers, as well as subordinates,\u0002work according to it. Wherever necessary, they can take the help of these standards and can&nbsp;achieve desired results. Thus, controlling function acts as a guide for everyone. The steps&nbsp;are taken for controlling an activity guide the management while planning future activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12th_Commerce_OCM_Textbook_Solutions\"><\/span>12th Commerce OCM Textbook Solutions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Chapter Name <\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\">1) Principles of Management<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\">3) Entrepreneurship Development<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\">4) Business Services<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\">5) Emerging Modes of Business<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\">6) Social Responsibilities of Business<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\">7) Consumer Protection<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\">8) Marketing<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Check_out_other_posts_related_to_the_12th_Commerce\"><\/span>Check out other posts related to the 12th Commerce<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@Scholarszilla\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@Scholarszilla\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">12th Commerce Video Lectures<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ebalbharti-12th-books-pdf\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ebalbharti-12th-books-pdf\/\"> Free PDF of 12th Commerce Textbooks <\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-it-online-exam\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-it-online-exam\/\">12th Commerce IT MCQ Preparation (Online Test)<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/new-paper-pattern-of-12th-commerce\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/new-paper-pattern-of-12th-commerce\/\"> Free PDF of 12th Commerce Textbooks <\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/sample-question-paper-for-12th-commerce\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/sample-question-paper-for-12th-commerce\/\">Sample Paper of 12th Commerce for Practice PDF<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-navneet-practice-papers-pdf\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-navneet-practice-papers-pdf\/\">PDF of Solved Sample papers of 12th Commerce to improve Paper Presentation<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-previous-year-question-paper\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-previous-year-question-paper\/\">Old Question Papers of 12th Commerce with solution (All Subjects)<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-contrast-color has-text-color\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Online_lectures_of_Class_12_Commerce\"><\/span>Online lectures of Class 12 Commerce<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udd17 Share our videos and channel with your friends, and help us grow this channel.<br>Learn the Chapters of Accounts from our playlist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/c9pmbq\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/c9pmbq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Issue of Shares<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/3f7zhl\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/3f7zhl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bills of Exchange<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/v5flhj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dissolution of Partnership Firm<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/jpjgd8\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/jpjgd8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPO<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/nhy2xy\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/nhy2xy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Analysis of Financial Statement<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/nhy2xy\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/nhy2xy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Admission of Partner<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLGiOLU46prNe6tQIJakepd3uGvatQyBUe\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLGiOLU46prNe6tQIJakepd3uGvatQyBUe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Information Technology Lectures.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2021\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2021\/\">12th Commerce March 2021 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-july-2022\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-july-2022\/\">12th Commerce July 2022 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2022\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2022\/\">12th Commerce March 2022 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2023\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2023\/\">12th Commerce March 2023 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-july-2023\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-july-2023\/\">12th Commerce July 2023 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-commerce-question-paper-2024\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-commerce-question-paper-2024\/\">12th Commerce Feb 2024 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-commerce-question-paper-2025\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-commerce-question-paper-2025\/\">12th Commerce Feb 2025 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18433,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[4748],"class_list":["post-16715","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hsc-maharashtra-board","tag-12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16715","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16715"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16715\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41634,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16715\/revisions\/41634"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18433"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16715"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16715"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16715"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}