{"id":29837,"date":"2023-10-22T22:29:49","date_gmt":"2023-10-22T16:59:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/?p=29837"},"modified":"2025-12-26T14:55:39","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T09:25:39","slug":"12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/","title":{"rendered":"12th OCM Question Paper 2023 with Solution | Maharashtra Board (Download Free PDF)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e09bdf4d106\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69e09bdf4d106\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#12th_OCM_Question_Paper_2023_with_Solution\" >12th OCM Question Paper 2023 with Solution<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#12th_OCM_Question_Paper_2023_with_Solution-2\" >12th OCM Question Paper 2023 with Solution<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Q_1_A_Select_the_correct_option_and_rewrite_the_sentences_5_20\" >Q. 1. (A) Select the correct option and rewrite the sentences: (5) {20}<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#B_Match_the_correct_pairs_5\" >(B)&nbsp;Match the correct pairs : (5)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#C_State_whether_the_following_statements_are_true_or_false_5\" >(C)&nbsp;State whether the following statements are true or false : (5)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#D_Find_the_odd_one_5\" >(D) Find the odd one : (5)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Q_2_Explain_the_following_termsconcepts_Any_Four12\" >Q. 2. Explain the following terms\/concepts: (Any Four)(12)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Q_3_Study_the_following_casesituation_and_express_your_opinion_Any_Two_6\" >Q. 3. Study the following case\/situation and express your opinion : (Any Two) (6)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Q_4_Distinguish_between_the_following_Any_Three_12\" >Q. 4. Distinguish between the following: (Any Three)&nbsp;(12)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Q_5_Answer_in_brief_Any_Two_8\" >Q. 5. Answer in brief : (Any Two)&nbsp;(8)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Q_6_Justify_the_following_statement_Any_Two_8\" >Q. 6. Justify the following statement : (Any Two)&nbsp;(8)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Q_7_Attempt_the_following_Any_Two_10\" >Q. 7. Attempt the following : (Any Two)&nbsp;(10)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Q_8_Answer_the_following_questions_Any_One_8\" >Q. 8. Answer the following questions : (Any One)&nbsp;(8)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#12th_Commerce_OCM_Textbook_Solutions\" >12th Commerce OCM Textbook Solutions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Posts_related_to_the_12th_Commerce\" >Posts related to the 12th Commerce<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution\/#Online_lectures_of_Class_12_Commerce\" >Online lectures of Class 12 Commerce<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12th_OCM_Question_Paper_2023_with_Solution\"><\/span>12th OCM Question Paper 2023 with Solution<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2021\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2021\/\">12th Commerce March 2021 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-july-2022\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-july-2022\/\">12th Commerce July 2022 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2022\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2022\/\">12th Commerce March 2022 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2023\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-2023\/\">12th Commerce March 2023 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-july-2023\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-question-paper-july-2023\/\">12th Commerce July 2023 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-commerce-question-paper-2024\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-commerce-question-paper-2024\/\">12th Commerce Feb 2024 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-commerce-question-paper-2025\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-commerce-question-paper-2025\/\">12th Commerce Feb 2025 Question Papers<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-499968f5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1T8vOett7RKXha6AaYRy1tl40yJfDyHau\/view?pli=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OCM 2023 Question Paper (PDF)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12th_OCM_Question_Paper_2023_with_Solution-2\"><\/span><strong>12th OCM Question Paper 2023 with Solution<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_1_A_Select_the_correct_option_and_rewrite_the_sentences_5_20\"><\/span><strong>Q. 1. (A) Select the correct option and rewrite the sentences: (5) {20}<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Scalar chain means the hierarchy of ______ from the top level to the lower level for the purpose of communication.<br><\/strong>a) discipline<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"> <\/mark><\/strong><br>b) Unity <br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">c) authority<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) ________ warehouses provide facilities for perishable commodities.<br><\/strong>a) Bonded<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">b) Cold Storage<br><\/mark><\/strong>c) Government<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) For online transactions _______ is required.<br><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">a) registration<br><\/mark><\/strong>b) trading <br>c) business<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) The President of District Forum is _____.<br><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">a) District Judge<br><\/mark><\/strong>b) High Court Judge <br>c) Supreme Court Judge<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Retail market is the market where retailer sells goods directly to the ______ in small quantities.<br><\/strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">a) producer<br><\/mark>b) wholesaler<br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">c) consumer<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"B_Match_the_correct_pairs_5\"><\/span><strong>(B)&nbsp;Match the correct pairs : (5)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Group &#8216;A&#8217;<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Group &#8216;B&#8217;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">a) Henry Fayol<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1) It is the process of instructing, guiding,<br>communicating and motivating<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">b) Directing<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2) Scientific Management theory<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">c) Responsibility towards Government<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3) It is the process of recruiting, selecting,<br>placing and remunerating<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">d) Digital Cash<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4) To earn profit<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">e) Monopoly<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5) Respecting rules and regulations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6) Exist only in cyber space<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7) Exist everywhere<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">8) Single buyer<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">9) Modern management theory<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10) Single seller<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer<br><\/strong>A-9, B-1, C-5, D-7, E-9<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/12th-OCM-Question-Paper-2023-with-Solution-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"12th OCM Question Paper 2023 with Solution\" class=\"wp-image-29965 lazyload\" title=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/12th-OCM-Question-Paper-2023-with-Solution-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/12th-OCM-Question-Paper-2023-with-Solution-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/12th-OCM-Question-Paper-2023-with-Solution-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/12th-OCM-Question-Paper-2023-with-Solution-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/12th-OCM-Question-Paper-2023-with-Solution.webp 1920w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/576;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">12th OCM Question Paper 2023 with Solution<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"C_State_whether_the_following_statements_are_true_or_false_5\"><\/span><strong>(C)&nbsp;State whether the following statements are true or false : (5)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>(1) F. W. Taylor has proposed 14 principles of management. <strong>(False)<\/strong><br>(2) Current account is opened by salaried persons. <strong>(False)<\/strong><br>(3) Unregulated market operates according to forces of demand and supply. <strong>(True)<\/strong><br>(4) Consumer being the king of market does not have any responsibility. <strong>(False)<\/strong><br>(5) Lok Adalat can rightly be described as &#8221;People&#8217;s Court&#8221;. <strong>(True)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"D_Find_the_odd_one_5\"><\/span><strong>(D) Find the odd one : (5)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>(1) Planning, Organising, Staffing, <strong>Writing<\/strong><br>(2) Trekking, Wildlife Study, Horseback riding, <strong>Indoor games<\/strong>.<br>(3) Primary credit co-operative society, State co-operative bank, District co-operative bank, <strong>Exchange bank<\/strong>.<br>(4) B to B, B to C, <strong>A to Z<\/strong>, C to C<br>(5) Stock exchange, Foreign exchange, Bullion market, <strong>Manufactured goods market<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_2_Explain_the_following_termsconcepts_Any_Four12\"><\/span><strong>Q. 2. Explain the following terms\/concepts: (Any Four)(12)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>1) Management<br><\/strong><\/mark><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Organising is the process of identifying and bringing the required resources together, such as men, money, material, machine, and method, grouping and arranging them properly for achieving the objectives. In planning, the management decides what is to be done in the future, whereas the organising function decides the ways and means to achieve what has been planned. This function is important for the execution of the plans which have been prepared by top-level management people.<br>The synchronisation and combination of workforce, physical, financial, and information resources are established in the process of organising.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>2) Social Responsibility<br><\/strong><\/mark><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Insurance is a means of protection from financial loss. It is a form of risk management, primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent or uncertain loss. Insurance is a contract between the insurer and the insured, whereby the insurer agrees to compensate the insured against loss. The insured has to pay a certain fixed sum of money on a timely basis to the insurer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>3) Concept of Trusteeship<br><\/strong><\/mark><strong><strong>Answer:<\/strong> <\/strong>The term &#8216;E-business&#8217;, i.e electronic business, is derived from the terms e-mail and e-commerce.<br>E-business or electronic business is the administration of conducting business via the internet. This would include the buying and selling of goods or services, along with providing technical or customer support through the internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>4) Janhit Yachika<br><\/strong><\/mark><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The term market is commonly understood as the place where the transaction of buying and selling of goods and services takes place in exchange for money or money&#8217;s worth. It is the place where buyers, sellers, and other intermediaries come together and exchange goods or services.<br>In the olden days, place played an important role in defining market. But in the age of information technology, the term &#8216;market&#8217; has a wider meaning than just a place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>5) Packaging<br><\/strong><\/mark><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Lok Adalat is an effective and economical system for quick redressal of public grievances. It can also be referred to as &#8216;People&#8217;s Court&#8217;. <br>It is established by the government to settle disputes by compromise. The aggrieved party can directly approach the Adalat with a grievance, issues are discussed on the spot, and decisions are taken immediately. Resolution of disputes by Lok Adalat gets statutory recognition. e.g. MSEDCL, MSRTC, Railway Authority, Insurance Companies, Banks, etc. organize regular Lok Adalat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>6) Product<br><\/strong><\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Outsourcing is the process of contracting a business function or any specific business activity to specialized agencies mostly the non-core areas such as sanitation, security, household pantry, etc. are outsourced by the company. The company makes a formal agreement with the agency.<br>The company benefits in two ways.<br>i) It reduces its own cost<br>ii) It uses the expertise of the firm which specializes in a particular kind of service.<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_3_Study_the_following_casesituation_and_express_your_opinion_Any_Two_6\"><\/span><strong>Q. 3. Study the following case\/situation and express your opinion : (Any Two) (6)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">(1) Mr. Ram, an emerging entrepreneur, has designed a structure of his business organisation by taking into consideration the required resources such as land, money, machinery, workforce etc. for his new business. He appointed Mr. Shyam as a manager. Mr. Ram has assigned the responsibilities such as recruitment, selection, training and development and to determine the remuneration of the employees to Mr. Shyam. Mr. Ram has also appointed Mr. Shubham to supervise the work done by the employees according to the standards given to the employees. Mr. Shubham has to also suggest the remedies to the employees wherever necessary. <br>On this context, find out the management functions performed by :<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(a) Mr. Ram <br>(b) Mr. Shyam<br>(c) Mr. Shubham<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Solution:<\/strong><br>1) Mr. Ram performs the function of planning and organizing.<br>2) Mr. Shayam performs the function of staffing because his main duties are to recruitment, selection, training, and development of the employees.<br> 3) Mr. Shubham performs the function of controlling because he compares the actual performance of employees to standard performance. He also suggests remedies to overcome deviations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">(2) Mr. Amit is a businessman. He has his own factories in Pune and Nashik. He lives in Pune with his wife and 2 daughters aged 5 and 8 years.<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(1) Can Mr. Amit take a life insurance policy for his wife and 2 children?<br>(2) Can Mr. Amit take a marine insurance policy for his factories? <br>(3) Which type of insurance should Mr. Amit take for protecting his factories from loss due to fire?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Solution:<\/strong><br>1) Yes, Mr. Amit can take a life insurance policy for his wife and 2 children.<br>2) Mr. Amit cannot take a marine insurance policy for his factories.<br>3) Mr. Amit can take a floating fire insurance policy to protect his factories from loss due to fire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-2-color\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">(3) Mr. Atharva made his payment by cheque at the same time Mr. Samarth made his payment by fund transfer.<\/mark><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-2-color\">a) Whose payment is faster?<br>b) Whose payment is related to traditional business?<br>c) Whose payment is related to e-business?<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Solution:<\/strong><br>a) Mr Samarth&#8217;s, because payment made by fund transfer is faster than the payment made by cheque.<br>b) Mr. Atharva&#8217;s payment by cheque is related to traditional business.<br>c) Mr. Samarth&#8217;s payment by fund transfer is related to e-business.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_4_Distinguish_between_the_following_Any_Three_12\"><\/span><strong>Q. 4. Distinguish between the following: (Any Three)&nbsp;(12)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Current Account and Fixed Deposit Account<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong><strong>Current Account<\/strong><\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\"><strong>Fixed Deposit Account<\/strong><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1. Meaning<\/td><td>It is that account that is maintained by businessmen&nbsp;and others who have regular&nbsp;bank transactions.<\/td><td>It is that account where a fixed&nbsp;<br>sum of money is deposited for a&nbsp;<br>fixed period.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2. Withdrawals<\/td><td>Customers can withdraw&nbsp;money by cheques.<\/td><td>Customers cannot withdraw during the specified period.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3. Documents<\/td><td>The bank gives a passbook, cheque book, statement of account and pay-in-slip book to&nbsp;the customers.<\/td><td>The bank gives fixed deposits&nbsp;<br>receipt to the customers.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4. Who opens it<\/td><td>It is suitable for traders, businessmen, firms or institutions.<\/td><td>It is suitable for any person&nbsp;with temporarily idle cash.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5. Restrictions<\/td><td>There are no restrictions on the&nbsp;<br>operation of a current account&nbsp;as long as there is balance in&nbsp;the account.<\/td><td>The amount becomes due on the expiry of the fixed period. If&nbsp;<br>withdrawn earlier, then the&nbsp;rate of interest will be less than applicable.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6. Interest Rate<\/td><td>Normally interest is not given.<\/td><td>The interest rate is higher, longer the&nbsp;<br>period, higher will be the rate of&nbsp;<br>interest.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7. Nature of account<\/td><td>It is of continuous Nature.<\/td><td>It is for a fixed period of time except when the fixed deposit&nbsp;<br>receipt is renewed.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8. Facilities<\/td><td>A temporary overdraft facility is given.<\/td><td>90% of the amount of fixed deposit can be given as a loan.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>2) Organising and&nbsp;Directing<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Organizing<\/strong><\/td><td><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Directing<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>Organizing&nbsp;is the process&nbsp;of defining&nbsp;and grouping&nbsp;the activities&nbsp;of the&nbsp;enterprise and&nbsp;<br>establishing&nbsp;the authority&nbsp;<br>relationships&nbsp;among them.<\/td><td>Directing is&nbsp;the guidance&nbsp;inspiration,&nbsp;the leadership&nbsp;of those men&nbsp;and women&nbsp;constitutes&nbsp;the real case&nbsp;responsibilities&nbsp;of&nbsp;<br>management.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) Objective<\/td><td>To identify and bring together all<br>required resources.<\/td><td>To direct the&nbsp;subordinates to&nbsp;get things&nbsp;done in the right&nbsp;manner.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Area of function<\/td><td>It includes identification and grouping of activities, assigning the work and establishing the authority relationship.<\/td><td>It includes&nbsp;instructing, guiding,<br>inspiring, communicating&nbsp;and<br>motivating the human resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Factors<\/td><td>Internal and external factors are<br>considered in arrangement of resources.<\/td><td>Directing&nbsp;is concerned&nbsp;directly with&nbsp;internal factors&nbsp;i.e. human&nbsp;<br>resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Resources<\/td><td>All available&nbsp;resources i.e.&nbsp;men, money,&nbsp;material,&nbsp;machine and&nbsp;<br>method is&nbsp;arranged in&nbsp;a systematic&nbsp;manner.<\/td><td>It gives direction&nbsp;to the employees&nbsp;<br>regarding use of&nbsp;other resources.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Level of management<\/td><td>Top and&nbsp;middle- level&nbsp;management&nbsp;<br>is related with&nbsp;organizing&nbsp;the required&nbsp;resources.<\/td><td>Middle-level&nbsp;management&nbsp;is involved in&nbsp;directing the&nbsp;employees.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) <strong><strong><strong><strong>State<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong> Commission and National Commission.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td><strong><strong><strong><strong>State Commission<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/td><td><span><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">National<\/span><b> Commission<\/b><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1) Meaning<\/td><td>A consumer dispute&nbsp;<br>redressal forum&nbsp;at the State level&nbsp;established by the&nbsp;State Government&nbsp;is known as State&nbsp;Commission.&nbsp;<\/td><td>A consumer dispute redressal forum at&nbsp;the National level&nbsp;established by the&nbsp;Central Government&nbsp;by notification is&nbsp;known as National&nbsp;Commission.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2) President<\/td><td>A person who is&nbsp;sitting or retired or&nbsp;Judge of High Court&nbsp;shall be appointed by&nbsp;the State Government&nbsp;as the President of&nbsp;the State Commission.<\/td><td>A person who is or&nbsp;has been a judge of&nbsp;the Supreme Court&nbsp;shall be appointed by&nbsp;<br>the Central Government.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3) Member<\/td><td>Not less than four or&nbsp;not more than such&nbsp;number of members&nbsp;as may be prescribed&nbsp;in consultation&nbsp;<br>with the Central Government.<\/td><td>Not less than four&nbsp;and not more than&nbsp;such number of&nbsp;<br>members as may be&nbsp;<br>prescribed.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4) Membership Tenure<\/td><td>The members can&nbsp;have the membership&nbsp;for a term of five&nbsp;years or up to the&nbsp;age of sixty-seven,&nbsp;whichever is earlier.<\/td><td>The members can&nbsp;have the membership&nbsp;for a term of five&nbsp;years or up to the age&nbsp;<br>of sixty-seven years and&nbsp;president upto seventy years, whichever is earlier.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5) Area covered<\/td><td>It covers a particular&nbsp;state.<\/td><td>It covers the entire&nbsp;country.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6) Monetary&nbsp;Jurisdiction<\/td><td>To entertain complaints where the&nbsp;value of the goods or&nbsp;services paid as consideration, exceeds&nbsp;Rs. one crore, but&nbsp;does not exceed Rs.&nbsp;ten crores.<\/td><td>To entertain complaints where the&nbsp;value of the goods or&nbsp;services paid as con consideration exceeds&nbsp;Rs. ten crore<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7) Appeal<\/td><td>An appeal against the&nbsp;State Commission&nbsp;can be made to the&nbsp;National Commission.<\/td><td>An appeal against the&nbsp;National Commission can be made to&nbsp;the Supreme Court.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) <strong>E-business and E-commerce<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Points<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong><strong><strong>E-<strong><strong><strong>commerce<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong><strong><strong>E-<strong><strong>business<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1) Meaning<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-commerce involves commercial transactions done&nbsp;over internet.<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-business is conduct of business&nbsp;processes on the internet.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2) What is it?<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-commerce is subset of&nbsp;<br>E-business.<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-business is superset of&nbsp;E-commerce.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3) Features<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-commerce just involves buying&nbsp;and selling of products and services.<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-business includes all kinds of&nbsp;pre-sale and post-sale efforts.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4) Concept<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-commerce is narrower concept&nbsp;and restricted to buying and selling.<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">It is broader concept that involves&nbsp;market surveying, supply chain&nbsp;and logistic management and using&nbsp;data-mining.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5) Transaction<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">It is more appropriate in B2C&nbsp;<br>context.<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">It is used in the context of B2B&nbsp;transactions.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6) Which network is&nbsp;used?<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-commerce involves the mandatory use of internet.<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">E-business can involve the use of&nbsp;internet, intranet, or extranet.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_5_Answer_in_brief_Any_Two_8\"><\/span><strong>Q. 5. Answer in brief : (Any Two)&nbsp;(8)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">(1) Describe any four techniques of scientific management.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> Definition of Scientific Management by Fredrick Taylor: &#8220;Scientific Management consists of knowing what you (i.e. management) want men to do exactly, and seeing it that they do it in the best and the cheapest manner.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Techniques of Scientific Management<\/strong><br>Some of the major techniques of scientific management are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Work Study<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before assigning the work to the available workforce, proper work study should be done by management. Work study consists of an organized, systematic, and critical assessment of the various activities or functions. Work-study is based on techniques such as time study, motion study, method study, and fatigue study.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A) Time Study<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is the technique of observing and recording the time taken by an employee to complete a given task. With the help of time study, the precise time required for each element of work is determined. It is the technique used for fixing the standard time required to do a particular task under given condition. It is useful to measure the efficiency of an employee and to control the cost of work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>B) Method Study<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are always various methods of completing the task. For best quality and cost-effectiveness, identifying the best method of doing a particular job is very important but challenging task for a manager. It helps in reducing the wastage of time, raw material and in improving the utility of all resources as per predefined objectives. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C) Motion Study<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study of required motion means movement of an employee as well as of machine while completing a particular task is very important. It is helpful in eliminating unnecessary motions and finding the best method of doing a particular job. It also helps in improving the efficiency of the employees. Motion technique is used to know whether some elements of a job can be eliminated or their sequence can be changed for smooth flow of task.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>D) Fatigue Study<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally long working hours without sufficient breaks, target pressure, heavy working tools, and poor working conditions result into physical and mental stress i.e. fatigue. It has an adverse effect on the health and efficiency of the employees. The study of fatigue and steps to reduce the level of fatigue is very important to maintain the operational efficiency of the employees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Standardization of Tools and Equipments<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the result of experiments conducted at the workplace, Taylor advocated standardization of tools and equipment. A standardized working environment and methods of production help to reduce spoilage and wastage of material, cost of production, and fatigue among the workers and it improves quality of work.<br><br><strong>3) Scientific Task Setting<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taylor emphasized the need for fixing a fair day&#8217;s work. Scientific work setting is important to prevent the employees from doing work much below their capacity. By using this technique, employees will complete the task according to standards given and management can keep proper control on optimum utilization of workforce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Scientific Selection and Training<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Management can select right persons for the right jobs by using scientific selection procedures. It needs to fix job specifications as per requirement. Employees are selected according to pre-determined standards in an impartial way. After selection, management should provide the proper training programmes to increase their efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">(2) Explain any four needs of consumer protection.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The consumer is regarded as the &#8216;King of Market&#8217; hence consumer protection is required due to the following reasons:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Need of participation of consumers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is noted that business organizations take decisions&nbsp;that affect the consumers&#8217; interests without consulting the consumer or their organizations.&nbsp;Only a strong consumer organization can pressurise business organizations to allow consumer&nbsp;participation in the decision-making process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Lack of information<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is very difficult to establish direct contact between consumers and&nbsp;manufacturers because consumers live in a dynamic and complex world and they are widely&nbsp;scattered. Today&#8217;s markets are full of domestic as well as imported products therefore it is very&nbsp;difficult to get correct and reliable information about products before they purchase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Ignorance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ignorance of consumers is the main cause of exploitation by businesses. Consumers&nbsp;in India are mostly ignorant about their rights, market conditions, price levels, and product&nbsp;details. A system is required to protect them from business malpractices.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Unorganized Consumers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Consumers are widely scattered and are not organized, On the&nbsp;other hand, sellers are in a better position than consumers and they are powerful. Consumers are&nbsp;under the influence of businessmen. An individual consumer cannot fight against these powerful sellers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">(3) Explain any four functions of marketing.<\/mark> <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The success of a business is difficult without effective marketing. Marketing deals with exchange of goods and services to satisfy the needs of consumers. Marketing functions help to study the needs of the consumers and facilitate to satisfy them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Following are some of the important functions of marketing :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Marketing Research<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Effective marketing is possible when a business takes initiative to identify the needs and wants of the consumers in the market. To identify the needs of the consumers, there is a need to collect information from the consumers and analyze the same is known as Market Research. It helps to find out what do consumers want to buy, when do consumers buy, in what quantity they want to buy and at what price. Marketing Research helps to make various decisions regarding successful marketing of products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Buying and Assembling<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It involves collecting raw materials from different sources at one place for production. This function is important as the quality and price of raw materials determine the cost and quality of the final product.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Market Planning<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After assessing the need for marketing, the business needs to chalk out the marketing plan and strategies to achieve the desired objective. Market planning is the process of organizing and defining the marketing objectives of the business and creating strategies to achieve them. It is the comprehensive blueprint that will help to draw an outline of a business&#8217;s overall marketing efforts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Product Development<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Product development and design play an important role in the selling of the product. There is a need to develop a product that suits the needs of the consumer. Product design includes decisions related to quality, standards, shape, design, packing, colour, etc. of the product. Consumer always prefers better and more attractively designed product. Good design of the product gives a competitive advantage to the business.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_6_Justify_the_following_statement_Any_Two_8\"><\/span><strong>Q. 6. Justify the following statement : (Any Two)&nbsp;(8)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">1) Controlling is the last function of management.<\/mark><\/strong><\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> <br>a) Controlling is a function of comparing the actual performance with the predetermined standard performance. b) It measures deviation, if any, identifies the causes of deviation, and suggests corrective measures. <br>c) The process of controlling help in the formulation of future plans also.<br>d) The effectiveness of the planning function can&nbsp;be determined with the function of controlling.<br>e) The function of management ends with controlling. <br>Thus, Controlling is the last function of management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong>2) Entrepreneurship is the best source for self-employment.<\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br><strong>1) Intellectual Capabilities<\/strong><br>An entrepreneur is a creative thinker. He has reasonably good intelligence. He has ability to&nbsp;analyze business situations. This ability will help him to take proper decisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Future Vision<\/strong><br>The entrepreneur has a good foresight about future market situation. He should also have&nbsp;knowledge about external business environment. This will help him to take proper decisions&nbsp;according to the situations and changes in the market. So, he can take timely action for the&nbsp;same.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Technical Knowledge<\/strong><br>An entrepreneur has good technical knowledge about his business. The entrepreneur has the&nbsp;ability to update himself with the latest knowledge about the product, process and technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Risk bearing capacity<\/strong><br>A successful entrepreneur takes calculated risks. He is ready to face challenges and always&nbsp;seeks new and more opportunities.<br>Thus, Entrepreneurship is the best source of<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"> self-employment.<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">3) Cash can be withdrawn from ATMs at any time.<\/mark><\/strong><\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>a) ATM is the abbreviation of Automated Teller Machine. It is popularly known as All Time Money or Any Time Money. <br>b) There is no specific time limit for withdrawals of cash from ATMs. <br>c) To avail of this facility, bank installs ATM terminals at places of a public utility such as railway stations, shopping malls, airports, post offices, busy streets, etc. <br>d) ATM also provides other information like cash deposits, withdrawals, balance in the account, etc. <br>e) ATM avails twenty-four hours service. Hence, the accountholder can withdraw cash at any time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">4) Consumers have many responsibilities.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer: <\/strong><br>Consumers have many responsibilities such as:<br>a) Consumer should use his rights: Consumers have many rights with regard to goods and services. They must be aware of their rights while buying.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b) Cautious consumer: While buying, the consumer should enquire about the quality, quantity, price, utility of goods and services, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c) Filing of complaint: It is the responsibility of a consumer to approach the officer concerned if consumers have some complaints about the goods and services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d) Quality conscious: Consumers should never compromise on the quality of goods. They should not buy inferior stuff out of greed for less prices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>e) Demand of Invoice and Guarantee, Warranty Card: Consumers should always ask for invoices for the goods purchased. It is the responsibility of the consumer to check the details mentioned on the guarantee or warranty card.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_7_Attempt_the_following_Any_Two_10\"><\/span><strong>Q. 7. Attempt the following : (Any Two)&nbsp;(10)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">1) Explain nature of principles of management.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br>Management principles are formed to guide and influence the behavior of employees. These principles insist on improving efficiency of organizational resources in terms of profit. These principles also focus on best coordination between superior, subordinates, and all the members of the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The nature of management principles is given below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Universal application<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The principles of management are universal in nature. That means they can be applied to all types of organizations, irrespective of their size and nature. Their results may vary and application may be modified but these are suitable for all kinds of organizations. Similarly, they are applicable to all levels of management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) General guidelines<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Management principles provide general guidelines in tackling organizational situations wisely as well as in solving problems. They are not rigid. Which management principles are to be applied depends upon the situation, size, and nature of the organization. For example, when we say fair remuneration, then the term &#8216;fair&#8217; can vary as per the nature, size, and financial condition of the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Principles are formed by practice and experiments<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The management principles are developed gradually with thorough research work. Systematic observations and experiments are conducted before developing them. The results of such experiments have been developed as a principle after its practice in organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Flexibility<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Management principles are flexible in nature. It means they can be changed or modified according to the situation. Managers can be flexible while implementing principles to suit the requirement. The business situations keep on changing. Management principles can be adjusted or modified and can be used in the organization according to its need.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Behavioral in nature<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Management is a group activity. Management aims at achieving certain goals through a group of a human beings. Management principles are designed to influence human beings. These principles control a group of persons and direct them to achieve the objectives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Cause and effect relationship<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Principles of management are the basis for taking decisions. They determine the cause or reason for a particular effect. For example, payment of good wages and incentives helps in increasing the output of workers or making effective advertisement increases the sale of a product.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) All principles are of equal importance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All principles of management are of equal importance. Those are to be practiced simultaneously to get the best results in the form of achievement of predefined goals. If any specific principle is focused more and others are not followed with same focus, then it affects the working of organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong><strong>(2) State money remittance services and retail services of postal department.<\/strong><\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> <br>The following are the <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">money remittance services of postal department.<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Electronic Money Transfer (eMO)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A money order is an order issued by the Post Office for the payment of a sum of money to the&nbsp;person whose name is mentioned in the money order. It is sent through the agency of the Post.&nbsp;Office. A &#8216;Payee&#8217; is the person named in money order as the person to whom the money is to&nbsp;be paid. The advantage of sending money to someone through money order is that the money&nbsp;is delivered at the house or his place of stay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Instant Money Order (iMO)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>India Post presents Instant Money Order (iMO), the instant online money transfer service that&nbsp;is instant, convenient, reliable and affordable. iMO is an instant web-based money transfer&nbsp;service through Post Offices (iMO Centre) in India between two resident individuals in Indian&nbsp;territory. One can transfer money from INR 1,000\/- to INR 50,000\/from designated iMO Post&nbsp;Offices. It is simple to send and receive money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) International Money Transfer<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Money Transfer Service Scheme is a quick and easy way of transferring personal remittances&nbsp;from abroad to beneficiaries in India. Only inward personal remittances are permissible. Department of Posts, Government of India with the Western Union Financial Services, a state-of-the-art International Money transfer Service is now available through the Post Offices in India,&nbsp;which enables instantaneous remittance of money from around 195 countries and territories to&nbsp;India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The following are the retail services of post offices:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Retail post &#8211; <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It includes services like collection of payments of electricity bills, telephone bills and insurance premiums. It also sells forms of UPSC, SSC and other universities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. E-payment<\/strong> &#8211; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Post offices provide the facility of making payments of bills electronically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Bill mail <\/strong>&#8211; <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under this service, financial statements, bills and monthly account bills are sent by service providers to their respective customers through post.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">3) State social responsibilities of commercial organisations towards consumers.<\/mark><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong><br><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-contrast-color\">Following are the social&nbsp;responsibility of commercial organizations<\/mark> toward<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-contrast-color\"> consumers:<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Good Quality Products<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The organization should produce quality goods. Every organization should have its quality&nbsp;control department so inferior and substandard products can be rejected. International Standard Organization (ISO), is the latest trend toward quality control. This ensures customers&nbsp;about quality products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Fair Prices<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Consumers should not be cheated by charging high prices. Fair prices convert a one-time consumer into a permanent consumer.&nbsp;Maximum Retail Price (M.R.P.) inclusive of all taxes should be printed on every packet. Retailer should not charge any extra amount.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Customer&#8217;s Safety<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The business must ensure that the product supplied will not adversely affect the life and health&nbsp;of the customers. Unsafe products should not be marketed. Consumers should be warned of any&nbsp;unsafe goods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Honest Advertising<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Consumers want to know the facts, features, advantages, side-effects, etc. of the products. So the organization must be sure that the advertisement is not misleading. A false, misleading, and vulgar advertisement should be&nbsp;avoided. Consumers will appreciate only honest advertisements in the long run.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) After Sales Service<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The organization is expected to provide after-sales service for maintenance of goods during the&nbsp;period of warranty. Efficient and effective after-sale service helps to establish a good relation&nbsp;between the consumers and the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Research and Development<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Organizations should conduct research and development to improve the quality of goods and&nbsp;to reduce the cost of production. This will minimize the final prices charged to consumers. It must&nbsp;provide quality standards such as BIS or AGMARK on respective products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7) Regular Supply<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Consumers should be supplied with the goods regularly as and when required by them. The&nbsp;commercial organization should not create an artificial shortage of goods by hoarding and black&nbsp;marketing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-light-green-cyan-background-color has-background\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Q_8_Answer_the_following_questions_Any_One_8\"><\/span><strong>Q. 8. Answer the following questions : (Any One)&nbsp;(8)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><strong><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">1) What is road transport? Explain its advantages and disadvantages.<\/mark><\/strong><\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\"><br><\/mark><\/strong><\/strong>Roads are means that connect people and places on the surface of the land. It provides all-over&nbsp;connectivity in any terrain as compared to other modes of transport. Various means of transport are used under road transport such as bullock cart, cycles, rickshaws, buses, cars etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems have been introduced in many states to improve public&nbsp;transport system in India. India has a network of village roads, district roads, state highways&nbsp;and national highways which form the economic backbone of the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In India, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) looks after development of&nbsp;surface transport throughout the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Advantages:<\/strong><br>1) It is a cheap mode of transport as compared to other modes of transport.<br>2) Perishable goods can be transported at a faster speed by road carriers over a short distance.<br>3) It is a flexible mode of transport as loading and unloading is possible at any destination.<br>4) It provides door-to-door service. Also, it functions as feeder transport to other modes of transport.<br>5) It helps people to travel and carry goods from one place to another place where any other mode&nbsp;of transport is not available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong><br>1) Due to limited carrying capacity road transport is not economical for long-distance transportation.<br>2) Transportation of heavy and bulky goods through road transport involves high cost.<br>3) Road transport is affected by adverse weather conditions such as floods, rain, landslides etc.<br>4) There is a possibility of road accidents which are common.<br>5) It causes pollution due to emission of gases which affect the health of people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-purple-color\">2) Explain importance of marketing to the society and consumers.<\/mark><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The success of a business is difficult without effective marketing. Marketing deals with the exchange of goods and services to satisfy the needs of consumers. Marketing functions help to study the needs of the consumers and facilitate to satisfy them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-contrast-color\">Importance of marketing to the <\/mark>society<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Increase in Standard of Living<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The prime objective of marketing is to provide goods and services to the customers to satisfy their needs. Marketing helps to identify the needs of the customers and take an initiative to provide quality goods at cheaper prices. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This will help to increase and maintain the standard of living of the customers. In modern times, large-scale production of goods and services reduced their prices due to which even the poorer sections of society can attain a reasonable level of living.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Provides Employment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modern marketing is a total system that covers almost all functions of an organization such as buying, selling, financing, transport, warehousing, risk-bearing, research, development, etc. To run this system there is a need of people. Thus, marketing gives job opportunities to people. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Decreases Distribution Costs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marketing activities help to provide cheap goods and services to society. Effective utilization of the channel of distribution can help in reducing the cost prices of the products and services. Reduction of cost will help to increase the potential consumers for the products or services. It also assures timely availability of the product.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Consumer Awareness<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marketing helps society by informing and educating consumers. The function of marketing is to fulfill the needs of the consumers. Marketing helps consumers to know about new products and services available in the market and their usefulness to the customer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Increase in National Income<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Every economy revolves around marketing, production, and finance for the industry. The scientifically organized marketing activities help in the economic development of the country. Effective marketing of products and services result in industrialization, more job, and makes the economy stronger and stable. Marketing can bring about the rapid development of the country by integrating agriculture and industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Managing Consumer Expectations<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marketing research helps organizations to understand the needs of consumers. It helps in developing products that fulfill customers&#8217; expectations. Customers&#8217; reviews collected through different sources can help the organizations to make necessary changes in the products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-contrast-color\">Importance of marketing to the <\/mark>consumers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Promotes Product Awareness<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Through different marketing activities, companies promote their products and services. This<br>helps consumers to know about different products and services available in the market. It<br>helps the consumer in making buying decisions. A consumer can compare product features, price, availability, and other essentials because of marketing. Marketing helps to improve the quality of life of the consumer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Provides Quality Products<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is increasing competition in the market. Consumers are getting easy access to information about the products and services available in the market. It creates moral pressure on businesses to provide quality goods to consumers. Supplying defective products may create a negative image of the business which affects the consumer&#8217;s loyalty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3) Provides Variety of Products<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Business launch products keeping the market segmentation in mind. A businessman needs to provide a variety of goods to cater to the needs of the different market segments of consumers. Variety may change according to the price, size, and quality of the product.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4) Helps in Selection<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Variety of products with different brands are available in the competitive markets. Marketing helps the consumer to choose the best products and services from the different options<br>available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5) Consumer Satisfaction<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first and foremost objective of any sound marketing policy is to satisfy the consumers with an assurance of good quality products. When an offering meets the customer&#8217;s expectations, the customer is satisfied. Marketing leads to consumer satisfaction through honest advertising, assurance of quality products, and availability of innovative products. Thus, marketing takes every effort to satisfy the consumer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6) Regular supply of goods<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Through efficient distribution channel of marketing regular supply of goods is possible. It helps to maintain the balance between demand and supply. It results in stable prices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12th_Commerce_OCM_Textbook_Solutions\"><\/span>12th Commerce OCM Textbook Solutions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>Chapter Name<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-1st-chapter-notes\/\">1) Principles of Management<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-2nd-chapter-exercise\/\">2) Functions of Management<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-3-exercise-solutions\/\">3) Entrepreneurship Development<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-4-exercise\/\">4) Business Services<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-5-exercise-2-2\/\">5) Emerging Modes of Business<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-6-exercise\/\">6) Social Responsibilities of Business<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-7-exercise-2-2\/\">7) Consumer Protection<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-ocm-chapter-8-exercise-2\/\">8) Marketing<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Posts_related_to_the_12th_Commerce\"><\/span>Posts related to the 12th Commerce<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@Scholarszilla\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@Scholarszilla\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">12th Commerce Video Lectures<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-notes\/\">Textbook Solutions of 12th Commerce (All Subjects)<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ebalbharti-12th-books-pdf\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/ebalbharti-12th-books-pdf\/\"> Free PDF of 12th Commerce Textbooks <\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-it-online-exam\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-it-online-exam\/\">12th Commerce IT MCQ Preparation (Online Test)<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/new-paper-pattern-of-12th-commerce\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/new-paper-pattern-of-12th-commerce\/\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/new-paper-pattern-of-12th-commerce\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/new-paper-pattern-of-12th-commerce\/\">12th Commerce Paper Pattern and Chapter-Wise Marks Distribution<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/sample-question-paper-for-12th-commerce\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/sample-question-paper-for-12th-commerce\/\">Sample Paper of 12th Commerce for Practice PDF<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-navneet-practice-papers-pdf\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/12th-commerce-navneet-practice-papers-pdf\/\">PDF of Solved Sample papers of 12th Commerce to improve Paper Presentation<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-previous-year-question-paper\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/hsc-previous-year-question-paper\/\">Old Question Papers of 12th Commerce with solution (All Subjects)<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-contrast-color has-text-color\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Online_lectures_of_Class_12_Commerce\"><\/span>Online lectures of Class 12 Commerce<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udd17 Share our videos and channel with your friends, and help us grow this channel.<br>Learn the Chapters of Accounts from our playlist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/c9pmbq\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/c9pmbq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Issue of Shares<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/3f7zhl\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/3f7zhl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bills of Exchange<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/v5flhj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dissolution of Partnership Firm<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/jpjgd8\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/jpjgd8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPO<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/nhy2xy\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/nhy2xy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Analysis of Financial Statement<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/nhy2xy\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/rb.gy\/nhy2xy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Admission of Partner<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLGiOLU46prNe6tQIJakepd3uGvatQyBUe\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLGiOLU46prNe6tQIJakepd3uGvatQyBUe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Information Technology Lectures.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29965,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[5531],"class_list":["post-29837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hsc-maharashtra-board","tag-12th-ocm-question-paper-2023-with-solution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29837"}],"version-history":[{"count":29,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29837\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41696,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29837\/revisions\/41696"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarsclasses.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}